C#读写xml文件方法总结(超详细!)

  目录

  C#写入xml文件

  1、XmlDocument

  1。我认为是最原始,最基本的一种:利用XmlDocument向一个XML文件里写节点,然后再利用XmlDocument保存文件。

  首先加载要写入的XML文件,但是如果没有的,就要新建,在新建的过程中,要有写入的代码;

  XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

  try

  {

  doc.Load("new.xml");

  }

  catch

  {

  XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter("new.xml", Encoding.UTF8);

  //新建XML文件

  xtw.WriteStartDocument();

  xtw.WriteStartElement("gnode");

  // gnode根节点

  xtw.WriteStartElement("myxm1");

  // gnode根节点下的元素myxmls

  xtw.WriteEndElement();

  xtw.WriteEndElement();

  xtw.WriteEndDocument();

  xtw.Close();

  doc.Load("new.xml");

  }

  XmlNode xn = doc.DocumentElement;

  //找到根节点

  XmlElement xe = doc.CreateElement("myxml2");

  //在根节点下创建元素,如果是属性,则用XmlAttribute;

  xe.InnerText = "薪薪代码hahaha";

  //给子节点写入文本节点(值)

  xn.AppendChild(xe);

  //根节点将其纳入

  doc.Save("new2.xml");

  //利用XmlDocument保存文件

  }

  注意点:在新建根节点的时候,WriteStartElement,只能嵌套,也就是只能有一个根节点。

  2、DataSet对象里的值来生成XML文件

  应用到数据库,将数据库的DataSet对象里的值来生成XML文件的元素;

  using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("Server=.;DataBase=HGSTUDY;uid=sa;pwd=yao"))

  {

  con.Open();

  SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand("select * from GL_STUDY", con);

  command.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

  DataSet ds = new DataSet("DATASET");

  //DATASET将成为XML文件中的根节点名称,否则系统将其命名为NewDataSet

  SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter();

  sda.SelectCommand = command;

  sda.Fill(ds, "DATATABLE");

  //DATATABLE为所生成XML文件中的子节点名称,否则系统将其命名为Table。

  ds.WriteXml("dbxml.xml");

  // DataSet的方法WriteXml将数据写入到XML文件,就是这么一句话。如果不保存到文件,直接ds.GetXML()

  }

  3、利用XmlSerializer来将类的属性值转换为XML文件的元素值。

  用一个字符串作为一个XML文档中的xmlAttribute或xmlElement。[其元素或属性由类的定义来设置(xml串行化)]

  using System;System.xml.Serialization;

  先初始化一个类,设置属性值

  var xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();

  //Create the xml declaration first

  xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null));

  //Create the root node and append into doc

  var el = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Contacts");

  xmlDoc.AppendChild(el);

  // Contact

  XmlElement elementContact = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Contact");

  XmlAttribute attrID = xmlDoc.CreateAttribute("id");

  attrID.Value = "01";

  elementContact.Attributes.Append(attrID);

  el.AppendChild(elementContact);

  // Contact Name

  XmlElement elementName = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Name");

  elementName.InnerText = "Daisy Abbey";

  elementContact.AppendChild(elementName);

  // Contact Gender

  XmlElement elementGender = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Gender");

  elementGender.InnerText = "female";

  elementContact.AppendChild(elementGender);

  xmlDoc.Save("test1.xml");

  建XmlSerializer实例

  class XXX {

  XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(Type.GetType("forxml.truck"));

  Truck tr = new Truck();

  tr.ID = 1;

  tr.cheID = "赣A T34923";

  }

  Serialize方法–完成对类的串行化

  XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter("myxml.xml",Encoding.UTF8);

  用XmlTextWriter 创建一个XML文件

  ser.Serialize(xtw, tr);

  //如果只想显示,可以直接ser.Serialize(Console.Out, tr);

  }

  xml常用方法:

  定义xml文档:XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();

  初始化xml文档:xmlDoc.Load(“D:book.xml”);//找到xml文件

  创建根元素:XmlElement xmlElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement(“”, “Employees”, “”);

  创建节点:XmlElement xeSub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement(“title”);

  查找Employees节点:XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(“Employees”);

  添加节点:xe1.AppendChild(xeSub1);

  更改节点的属性:xe.SetAttribute(“Name”, “李明明”);

  移除xe的ID属性:xe.RemoveAttribute(“ID”);

  删除节点title:xe.RemoveChild(xe2);

  示例:写入xml

  1、创建xml文档

  public void CreateXMLDocument()

  {

  XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();

  //加入XML的声明段落,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>

  XmlDeclaration xmlDeclar;

  xmlDeclar = xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "gb2312", null);

  xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlDeclar);

  //加入Employees根元素

  XmlElement xmlElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement("", "Employees", "");

  xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlElement);

  //添加节点

  XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");

  XmlElement xe1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Node");

  xe1.SetAttribute("Name", "薪薪代码");

  xe1.SetAttribute("ISB", "2-3631-4");

  //添加子节点

  XmlElement xeSub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("title");

  xeSub1.InnerText = "学习VS";

  xe1.AppendChild(xeSub1);

  XmlElement xeSub2 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("price");

  xe1.AppendChild(xeSub2);

  XmlElement xeSub3 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("weight");

  xeSub3.InnerText = "20";

  xeSub2.AppendChild(xeSub3);

  root.AppendChild(xe1);

  xmlDoc.Save("D:book.xml");//保存的路径

  }

  生成的xml文件如下:

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>

  --

  

  学习VS-

  

  20

  

  

  

  2 、增加节点

  XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();

  xmlDoc.Load("D:book.xml");//找到xml文件

  XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");//查找Employees节点

  XmlElement xe1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Node2");//添加Node2节点

  xe1.SetAttribute("Name", "张飞");

  XmlElement xeSub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("title");//定义子节点

  xeSub1.InnerText = "心情好";

  xe1.AppendChild(xeSub1);//添加节点到Node2

  root.AppendChild(xe1);//添加节点到Employees

  xmlDoc.Save("D:book.xml");

  结果:

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>

  -

  -

  学习VS-

  

  20

  

  -

  

  心情好

  -

  

  心情好

  

  

  3 、修改节点:

  public void ModifyNode()

  {

  XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();

  xmlDocument.Load("D:book.xml");

  XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes;//获取Employees节点的所有子节点

  foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历

  {

  XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;

  if (xe.GetAttribute("Name") == "薪薪代码")

  {

  xe.SetAttribute("Name", "薪薪");//更改节点的属性

  XmlNodeList xnl = xe.ChildNodes;//获取xe的所有子节点

  foreach (XmlNode xn1 in xnl)

  {

  XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn1;//将节点xn1的属性转换为XmlElement

  if (xe2.Name == "title")//找到节点名字为title的节点

  {

  xe2.InnerText = "今天天气不好";

  }

  if (xe2.Name == "price")

  {

  XmlNodeList xnl2 = xe2.ChildNodes;

  foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnl2)

  {

  if (xn2.Name == "weight")

  {

  xn2.InnerText = "88";

  }

  }

  }

  }

  }

  }

  xmlDocument.Save("D:book2.xml");

  }

  运行结果:

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>

  -

  -

  今天天气不好-

  88

  

  

  -

  心情好

  

  4 、删除节点

  public void DeleteNode()

  {

  XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();

  xmlDocument.Load("D:book1.xml");

  XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes;

  foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)

  {

  if (xn.Name == "Node")

  {

  XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将xn的属性转换为XmlElement

  xe.RemoveAttribute("ID");//移除xe的ID属性

  XmlNodeList xnl2 = xe.ChildNodes;

  for (int i = 0; i < xnl2.Count; i++)

  {

  XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xnl2.Item(i);

  if (xe2.Name == "title")

  {

  xe.RemoveChild(xe2);//删除节点title

  }

  }

  }

  }

  xmlDocument.Save("D:book3.xml");

  }

  结果:

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>

  -

  --

  20

  

  -

  

  心情好

  -

  

  心情好

  

  

  c#读取xml文件

  xml文件如下:

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

  

  1143

  192.168

  

  在写入xml文件时,最主要使用了两个方法:Load和Save。

  Load:初始化xml文档,以便项目文件获取具体的xml节点的值。

  public void Load(string path)

  {

  try

  {

  XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();

  xmlDocument.Load(path);

  XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes;

  foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)

  {

  if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress)

  {

  ServerAddress = xn.InnerText;

  }

  }

  }

  catch(Exception ex)

  { }

  }

  Save:在项目系统中进行修改配置文件值后,需要对xml进行重新保存

  public void Save(string path)

  {

  try

  {

  XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();

  xmlDocument.Load(path);

  XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes;

  foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)

  {

  if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress)

  {

  xn.InnerText = ServerAddress;

  }

  }

  xmlDocument.Save(path);

  }

  catch (Exception ex)

  { }

  }

  此处将所有代码都贴出来,方便下次实现。因为项目是WPF文件,而且都是简单控件,所以只贴出后台代码。

  class ConfigurationManager:INotifyPropertyChanged

  {

  public const string managerNode = "configurationN";//根节点

  public const string configuration_ServerAddress = "ServerAddress";//子节点

  private string _ServerAddress;

  public string ServerAddress

  {

  get { return _ServerAddress; }

  set

  {

  _ServerAddress = value;

  NotifyPropertyChanged("ServerAddress");

  }

  }

  public void Load(string path)

  {

  try

  {

  XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();

  xmlDocument.Load(path);

  XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes;

  foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)

  {

  if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress)

  {

  ServerAddress = xn.InnerText;

  }

  }

  }

  catch(Exception ex)

  { }

  }

  public void Save(string path)

  {

  try

  {

  XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();

  xmlDocument.Load(path);

  XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes;

  foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)

  {

  if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress)

  {

  xn.InnerText = ServerAddress;

  }

  }

  xmlDocument.Save(path);

  }

  catch (Exception ex)

  { }

  }

  public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

  private void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propertyName)

  {

  if (PropertyChanged != null)

  {

  PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));

  }

  }

  public static ConfigurationManager Instance = new ConfigurationManager();

  }

  public partial class MainWindow : Window

  {

  public MainWindow()

  {

  InitializeComponent();

  Start();

  this.tb1.Text = ConfigurationManager.Instance.ServerAddress.ToString();

  }

  private string path = "CONFIGSystem.xml";

  private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

  {

  ConfigurationManager.Instance.ServerAddress = this.tb1.Text;

  ConfigurationManager.Instance.Save(path);

  }

  private void button2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

  {

  Application.Current.Shutdown();

  }

  private void Start()

  {

  ConfigurationManager.Instance.Load(path);

  }

  }

  总结

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