⑴做外贸真的一刻也松懈不得，到嘴的货款，一不小心还能给你飞了......
⑵说的就是无单放货这种悲催事了。
⑶而米友YooMan这回还是在老客户身上栽了这个跟头，来看看到底什么情况~
⑷【小剧场】看到标题时，猜你最想先了解的是？
⑸米友：货值多少呀？
⑹Yooman：应收尾款约刀米友：哪里的客户呀？
⑺Yooman：玻利维亚米友：是老客户吗？
⑻Yooman：合作年多的客户米友：啥时候发生的事情？
⑼Yooman：年月日出现还箱信息，据此判断被无单放货。米友：现在是年月日，你的尾款收回来了吗？
⑽Yooman：基本算收回了，目前应收尾款还剩下约刀。米友：出事之前买中信保了吗？
⑾Yooman：没有米友：被无单放货后，你是怎么收回尾款的？
⑿Yooman：请看下方分解。
⒀、 年月日从上海港出运*HQ到玻利维亚，由于玻利维亚是内陆国，海运只能运抵智利。
⒁查海运tracking两个高箱是年月日到港，推测货物在年月日到达玻利维亚保税仓库。
⒂、业务员从年月中旬收讫提单copy后开始提醒客户付款，但客户拖到年月日才提供“尾款水单”。
⒃水单上写错了我们公司名，但收款账号正确。业务员当即告知客户错误点，客户回复年月日前往银行修改。
⒄、客户在年月日开始抛出第一个“理由”说不得不推迟修改银行水单，并重申只要账号对，货款依旧能到账。
⒅、客户失联天，到年月日，我们在船公司官网上看到第一个HQ的还箱信息，月日出现第二个HQ的还箱信息。
⒆、 年月日起客户开始各种借口、理由、耍泼、受害者抱怨、失联......
⒇而上海端的指定货代开始以“此单已结单无法帮我们追踪到货物到达玻利维亚后的情况”、“有还箱信息不代表无单放货”、“正在等海外代理答复”等理由阻碍我们追缴货款，甚至拒接和挂断我们的电话。
⒈被无单放货后，第一步怎么办？
⒉催客户！催指定货代！！同步进行！！！
⒊邮件、WhatsApp、WeChat上给客户发催款函，内容和发送时间保持一致！当然不能缺少打电话！
⒋可直接复制再编辑的催款mail group, 请笑纳！
⒌Date：月日北京时间上午点发送
⒍XXX(注意：没有Dear没有Hi，别客气，直呼其名！)
⒎What happened for the payment??? Two containers have already arrived at Bolivia more than days, We really think that you are an honest guy. And we treasure our business relationship with personal friendship.
⒏Please realize our position of payment tracking IN TODAY.
⒐Best Regards
⒑Date：月日北京时间午夜，在客户上班后两小时发送
⒒XXX(直呼其名),
⒓We are unable to understand why we have received no reply and no payment till now. We feel that we have shown reasonable patience and treated you a long overdue period. Two containers arrived at Bolivia more than days! We cannot afford any delay at the moment.
⒔Please reply us immediately for balancing the payment. If not, we have to take action in law and report this claim to the SINOSURE pany.
⒕Best Regards
⒖Date：月日 发给客户， 邮件跟踪显示客户已打开看
⒗邮件主题：Payment overdue-PO# 订单合同号
⒘XXX(直呼其名),
⒙We are extremely tired of your inconsistency about balance payment. Every time we proposed the payment, then you ALWAYSpopped out the new reason. You didn't even advise any proof!
⒚We have collected all data and documents of China Custom and shipping pany signed bill.
⒛Balance Payment US$,., If we will not receive your payment or payment receipt before December th(your time),we will immediately take below ACTIONS!!!
①.Wewillreportyou as fraudto the ChinaMinistryof merce(CMC). Oncetheyconfirmed our report, you and your pany will be listed in ChinaSuspended list and the China Toys panies will receive it from them.
②Believe me, we have evidence of it and we have authorized a lawyer for the ing report.
③. We will report your shipping via China Custom with the evidence we sent to CMC. Once they confirmed our report, all of your future ordered products from China will take much much much longer time for Custom Clearance.
④. We will report this claim to the SINOSURE pany. You will receive an email from the missioner of SINOSURE.
⑤.We collected many photos of you and your family, we had inquired about the Online operation team on the inter, and they had taught us how to bee an inter sensation. WE WILL DEFINITELY SUPPORT YOU, and it will greatly help your performance on the inter. Not only include your friend and family members will know the story between you and us!
⑥There is no more negotiation, and we are ready for it!!!!!
⑦Thank you very much!
⑧Date：月日发给客户，邮件跟踪显示客户没有打开看
⑨邮件主题：Please arrange the payment soon - PO# 订单合同号
⑩直呼其名别客气，
ⅠEnough!Wehave reporteda crime to SINOSURE. We have explained to the SINOSURE that you provided the false bank water bill and provided the evidence to the SINOSURE.SINOSURE will send email to your following address,
Ⅱmissioner of Sinosure:
ⅢIf we not receive your payment or payment receipt before December th(your time), you're going straight to the bad-faith buyers' listof SINOSURE.
ⅣHere is a synopsis of SINOSURE,
ⅤThis is a credit insurance pany, set up in . SINOSURE credit information database covers more than million panies, more than , banks, and more than industries in the world, and it has about domestic and foreign information channels. Its credit reporting and recovery channels cover more than countries and regions. As of the end of , the cumulative domestic and foreign trade and investment supported by SINOSURE exceeded USD trillion; the aumulated number of customers served was ,, and claims paid had amounted to USD . billion.
ⅥAlso, you can google SINOSURE to know more.
ⅦBest Regards
Ⅷ请注意：我们真的有请中信保帮忙在年月日发催款函。
Ⅸ虽然案件发生时我们并没有购买中信保，但我们本就计划在月购买。
Ⅹ出事后，虽然中信保对此票货物没有承保责任，但我们向他报告了一个高危客户，他们帮我们发一封催款函。
㈠下方是中信保帮我们发函的截图。
㈡Re: List of suppliers in the XXX industry
㈢ Chinese XXXindustry factories are our suppliers,I think some of them have worked with you before. In order to help other partners avoid losses, we will inform all suppliers of the fact that you maliciously defaulted on the payment.
㈣Your paymentofUS$,. wasdueonDec.
㈤附上我们供应商清单截图
㈥Date：北京时间月日
㈦Re: Re:How to bee an Inter sensation
㈧XXX(直呼其名),
㈨I think you should know ALIBABA., almost all China suppliers are on this BB website, if we can not receive your payment before Dec th, there will be many pages about you on ALIBABA..
㈩We are a member of ASK.IMIKER.. This is a foreign trade industry exchange platform with over , members. If we can not receive your payment before Dec th, many many Chinese sales will know you!
附上客户的照片，邮箱，地址，电话。（所以说日常收集客户的信息很重要，客户到中国来也别忘记合照
Date：北京时间月日
Re: Re:You will famous on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Linkedin......
直呼其名别客气,
Parents are the best teachers for their children. What will the future hold for the child if he knows that his father is a man of bad faith. What his classmates and friends would think of him and his father？
If your friends know what you did to us, what will they think?
Your paymentofUS$,. wasdueonDecth.
附上他家人的照片，facebook他儿子，他家人，他部分朋友的截图。
我们真的有去客户的facebook上挖掘他的好友信息并做了截图和记录。
讲真，这一步真的特别狠！我相信不管是哪国人，都很爱自己的家人。
但祸不及家人，不到万不得已，不建议大家用。
如果客户继续玩失踪，我们也会就此打住放弃联络客户，不再主动对他进行任何施压。
果然，老赖也是人，这封信发出去之后，失联半个月的客户恼羞成怒，反过来威胁我们。
哎哟~我喜出望外（懂我的请举手。
终于！客户回归谈判桌......
客户借口说员工偷了他的钱，他正在警察局奔走，要求我们给他更多的时间。
经过沟通，我们同意最迟付款时间延长到年月日。接下来我们发了一轮付款倒计时的邮件。
转机，客户示弱，并明确了付款时间。
在跟客户确认好新的付款截止时间后，我们快速发了一封邮件给客户，重申在微信上达成的共识。
Subject: Deadline of payment is Jan th,
Dear XXX,
As we just confirmed on Wechat, you havemore days until the final payment, paymentofUS$,. wasdueonJan th, .
If we will not receive your payment or payment receipt before Jan th, (your time),we will immediately take below ACTIONS!!!
.Wewillreportyou as fraudto the ChinaMinistryof merce(CMC). Oncetheyconfirmed our report, you and your pany will be listed in ChinaSuspended list and the China Toys panies will receive it from them.
Believe me, we have evidence of it and we have authorized a lawyer for the ing report.
. We will report your shipping via China Custom with the evidence we sent to CMC. Once they confirmed our report, all of your future ordered products from China will take much much much longer time for Custom Clearance.
. We will report this claim to the SINOSURE pany. You will receive an email from the missioner of SINOSURE.
. We will report all evidence to our embassy also, you will never e to China!
.We collected many photos of you and your family, we had inquired about the Online operation team on the inter, and they had taught us how to bee an inter sensation. WE WILL DEFINITELY SUPPORT YOU, and it will greatly help your performance on the inter. Not only include your friend and family members will know the story between you and us!
There is no more negotiation, and we are ready for it!!!!!
Thank you very much!
客户老奸巨猾，在争取到更多付款时间后，依旧没少折腾...
具体的谈判细节不展开了，看看这截图，你品，你细品！总之客户一拖再拖，我们的策略就是软硬皆施。
【小剧场】我猜你还想问我个问题
米友问：既然大概率是无单放货，为何不直接起诉指定货代？还跟客户掰扯啥？费力又费时的！
因为我们利润微薄，（一个字：穷！；
因为我们实力单薄（我们是小微企业，不是有法务部的大公司；
因为请专业海事官司的律师要花-万人民币；
因为整个诉讼会有一审二审，总耗时将近年，赢了官司输了钱（整个诉讼总花销将在万人民币左右，打官司更耗时间、人力、财力！
因为总货值也就二三十万，我们相信客户或指定货代有支付能力！
总之，不到万不得已，我们不会选择打官司！
有些经验想说与你听：
、有还箱信息不代表被无单放货，所以要注意收集无单放货的证据。
可以通过了解目的国货物清关流程以及堆存费和超期费的费率，据此推断客户是否有必要先将货物卸载在保税仓库以节省仓储运输费用。
建议找熟悉目的国海运和清关的货代咨询了解。
本案中我们找了另外一个专业做南美海运的货代了解到，玻利维亚保税仓库如果先操作还箱，将货物卸载在保税仓库，费用反而更大。
当地的堆存费和超期费用其实并不高，每HQ每月费用在美金左右。
、不管是货代提单还是船公司提单，请尽早赎回放在自己手中，如遇诉讼这是非常重要的物权凭证！
、客户付款水单一定要仔细核对收款公司名称、账号、地址。
以中国建设银行为例，当收款人公司名称写错但账号正确时，外汇能到达收款人的开户行，但无法到收款人公司账户。
需要付款行发更正函到收款行，这笔外汇才能入收款人的公司账户。
、有付款水单不代表客户已付款，水单也可以造假，本案中客户就涉嫌水单造假。
因为年月日客户提供“付款凭证”后，我们一直没有收到该笔资金。钱落袋为安，必须到账后才能安排放单！
、在收集到的种种证据皆表明“被无单放货”时，不建议直接找客户“摊牌”。摊牌后的可能有以下三种：
客户会矢口否认，那你很难拿到%证据确认货物不在保税仓；
客户会承认，然后顺势坦坦荡荡地拖延付款；
客户会承认，然后抱怨你给他运了一批“垃圾”，导致他无法顺利将货物卖出去回笼资金，并借口向你要一大笔折扣！
在本案中，我们就始终未向客户“摊牌”，最后证明这样做很明智！
相信大家也留意到我们目前是有一千美金未收回，而客户给出的理由正是有台产品缺少了配件，要扣除我们美金。
根本不带商量的！
试想下，如果我们一开始跟客户“摊牌”，按此客户尿性，我们只会更被动！所以我们转向给指定货代施压。
、全球经济不景气，贸易保护主义抬头，给企业购买中信保，可有效对冲风险！
再补充几点无单放货后的建议：
A. 实际发货人必须仔细审阅相关的运输单证，查明指定货代的身份并识别出承运人；
B. 马上催促承运人查询货物的下落并要求其作出书面答复；同时实际发货人可以自己通过相关渠道查询包括集装箱流转情况等货物的下落；
C. 必须注意保留之前及以后与国外客户的相关邮件和函件，特别货物是否已经被提走的证据；
同时必须注意向国外客户询问的措辞，以避免被认为实际发货人同意无单放货；
D. 如果确认货物已经被无单提货，那么建议实际发货人先行起诉承运人并要求其赔偿；
E. 在起诉承运人承担无单放货责任后，再通过相应的方式向国外客户提出付款的主张。
通常情况下，承运人无单放货会要求提货人出具保函，因此承运人通常会被起诉后立即给提货人以足够的压力。
如果未能达成和解，那么就通过法院判决承运人承担无单放货的责任。
特别提醒，要注意如下几个问题：
a. 海上货物运输合同的诉讼时效是一年，实际发货人必须把握好纠纷处理时间。
b. 必须确认货物已经被无单放货。如果货物仍在目的港，实际发货人不仅不能向承运人索赔损失。
反而有可能要承担包括运费、滞箱费、滞港费等在内的损失。
c. 指定货项下，识别谁是承运人非常复杂，万一识别错误将导致起诉主体错误的后果。
d. 在未收到货款前，注意不要将本票业务项下的核销单进行核销，否则将在某些法院面临无法证明损失的不利后果；所有相关证据材料必须妥善保留。
e. 由于无单放货案件各个环节非常复杂，专业性很强，建议聘请专业的海商事律师负责处理。
干货今天先分享到这里啦~